Transfer of Learning (Near vs Far)

The influence of learning on performance in another task or context, with similarity and difference varying across several dimensions.

Transfer of learning occurs when prior learning affects performance in a different task or context. Near and far describe relative differences, not two clean boxes: tasks can vary in content, setting, timing, social arrangement, and response format. Transfer may be helpful, absent, or negative when an old approach is applied where it does not fit.

Specify exactly what should transfer and how the new situation differs. Teach relevant relations across varied cases, include nonexamples, and test without a cue announcing which model to use. Success on a familiar-looking exercise is not evidence of broad improvement in reasoning, and a failed first attempt does not prove transfer is impossible.

When to use it

When a skill learned in one setting is expected to improve performance elsewhere or when familiar practice success does not carry into use.

How it can help

Define the target performance, teach relevant correspondences and limits, and assess application on new cases without supplying the answer through prompts.