MODELS
Menu

The encyclopedia

People, books, and breakthrough ideas—connected to the mental models and moves you can use.

Explore the encyclopedia

3,456 entries

Cognitive Move

Escalate

Send a predefined red flag straight to whoever is actually authorized to handle it.

Cognitive Move

Escalate the Red Flag

Predefine the danger signals, their authorized destination, and the immediate safe action, so the ordinary workflow ends the moment one fires.

Cognitive Move

Escalates

Some state, like debt, conflict, or confidence, keeps compounding because each turn makes the next turn bigger.

Cognitive Move

escalating panels

Three or four stacked slots where each one is more extreme than the one above. The stack asserts a direction: further down is further along, and the last rung is where the clever people are. That claim about direction is never argued, only drawn. Useful when the escalation is real and each rung genuinely subsumes the one before. Misleading when the rungs are just four options and you have quietly sorted them by how much you like them.

Mental Model

Escalation Archetype

A system archetype where two parties respond to each other's actions with escalating competitive responses—each side's action is the stimulus for the other's reaction, producing a self-reinforcing spiral

Cognitive Move

Establish

Before touching the work, fix three numbers: how much you'll do, how long you'll spend, and what help or aid you'll use. Make the dose small enough that failing costs almost nothing. Restating named the task; this sizes it.

Mental Model

Estate Planning Frameworks

Estate planning structures asset ownership, beneficiary designations, legal documents, and tax strategies to ensure wealth transfers with minimum friction

Mental Model

Ethical Fading

Ethical fading occurs when the moral dimensions of a decision gradually become invisible, typically through psychological mechanisms that reframe ethical choices as purely business, technical, or pragmatic ones

Mental Model

Ethical Journalism Decision Tree (Navigating Gray Areas)

The ethical journalism decision tree is a structured question sequence for ethically ambiguous situations: Is it newsworthy? Is it true? What harm could publication cause? Can harm be minimized while preserving truth? Ha…

Mental Model

Ethical Leadership Model

Ethical leadership combines moral person (individual character—integrity, honesty, caring about people, fairness in decisions) with moral manager (actively promoting ethical behavior through communication, reinforcement,…

Mental Model

Ethical Will Framework

An ethical will (distinct from a legal will) is a document that transmits moral and spiritual legacy — values, beliefs, life lessons, hopes, apologies, and blessings — rather than material assets

Cognitive Move

Euler

Draws only the regions that have members. If nothing belongs to both sets, the circles do not touch. If one set sits wholly inside another, it is drawn inside. The shape of the picture is itself a claim, so an Euler says more than a Venn and can be wrong in ways a Venn cannot.

Mental Model

Euphemism Treadmill

The euphemism treadmill describes a pattern in which replacement terms acquire negative associations connected to what they name

Mental Model

Euphemism Treadmill in Organizations

Steven Pinker's linguistic concept applied to organizational communication: the pattern where terms are repeatedly replaced with softer alternatives, each new term eventually acquiring the negative associations of the ol…

Mental Model

Evaluate the Options

The structured practice of systematically comparing decision options against explicit criteria before choosing—rather than defaulting to the first plausible option or the most emotionally appealing one

Mental Model

Evening Shutdown Ritual Protocol

A protocol for ending the workday with a structured ritual that creates a clear psychological boundary between work and rest, based on Cal Newport's deep work methodology

Cognitive Move

Event

Recast the thing as a stream of dated happenings instead of a standing entity. You get a timeline you can count, order, and timestamp, so the questions become when, how often, and what preceded it, rather than what it is.

Cognitive Move

Event to Loop

When a fix works briefly and the problem returns, trace one consequence back to an earlier cause and mark its sign and delay.

Mental Model

Evidence (Evaluating What's True)

A hierarchy for evaluating the reliability of evidence: randomized controlled experiments provide the strongest evidence, followed by large observational studies, small studies, case reports, expert opinion, and finally…