Aging & Legacy
Generativity vs. Stagnation (Erikson's Midlife Stage)
In Erikson's account of adult development, generativity concerns care for and contribution to succeeding generations
Aging FrameworksThe encyclopedia
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Aging & Legacy
U-Curve of Happiness (Midlife Dip and Later-Life Rise)
Some studies report a U-shaped association between age and measures such as life satisfaction, with lower average values in midlife and higher values at older ages
Aging FrameworksAttention & Contemplative Practice
Attention as a Finite, Renewable Resource
Attention has limits and varies with tasks, competing demands, fatigue, and circumstances
Attention ScienceAttention & Contemplative Practice
Focused Attention vs. Open Awareness (Two Modes of Meditation)
Focused attention and open monitoring are two broad research categories for some meditation practices
Attention ScienceBiology & Evolution
Carrying Capacity
Carrying capacity describes the population an environment can support under specified conditions
EcologyBiology & Evolution
Ecological Resilience vs Engineering Resilience
Engineering and ecological perspectives on resilience emphasize different properties
EcologyBiology & Evolution
Ecological Succession
Ecological succession is change in the composition of an ecological community over time, often examined after disturbance or the opening of space
EcologyBiology & Evolution
Edge Effects (Boundaries Create Unique Conditions)
Edge effects are changes in conditions and ecological interactions near habitat boundaries
EcologyBiology & Evolution
Invasive Species Dynamics
Invasion ecology distinguishes introduction, establishment, spread, and impact
EcologyBiology & Evolution
Island Biogeography (Size and Isolation Determine Diversity)
MacArthur and Wilson's equilibrium theory models species richness through the balance of immigration and local extinction
EcologyBiology & Evolution
Keystone Species Effect
A keystone species has ecological effects disproportionate to its abundance in a specified community
EcologyBiology & Evolution
Liebig's Law of the Minimum (Growth Limited by Scarcest Resource)
Liebig's minimum principle describes a model in which an essential resource insufficient relative to need limits growth despite abundance of other resources
EcologyBiology & Evolution
Metabolic Rate Scaling
Metabolic scaling studies relationships between body size and metabolic rate, often using a power-law model
EcologyBiology & Evolution
Trophic Cascades (Top-Down Effects)
Trophic cascades are indirect ecological effects transmitted across feeding relationships, such as predators influencing plants through herbivores
EcologyBiology & Evolution
r/K Selection Theory (Fast Reproduction vs Slow Investment)
r/K selection is a historical evolutionary framework relating life histories to population growth and density-dependent conditions
EcologyBiology & Evolution
Adaptation
Biological adaptation involves inherited features shaped by selection in particular environments across generations
Evolutionary BiologyBiology & Evolution
Atomic Theory
Atomic theory describes matter in terms of atoms and their structure and interactions
Evolutionary BiologyBiology & Evolution
Autocatalysis
An autocatalytic reaction is a chemical reaction in which a product or intermediate also functions as a catalyst
Evolutionary BiologyBiology & Evolution
Cooperation
Cooperation involves actions that contribute to a shared or another party's benefit, often with costs or coordination demands for participants
Evolutionary BiologyBiology & Evolution
Dunbar's Number
Dunbar's number is a proposed approximate social-group size associated with the social-brain hypothesis, often summarized as around 150 relationships
Evolutionary BiologyBiology & Evolution
Ecosystem
An ecosystem comprises organisms and their physical environment considered through their interactions and exchanges
Evolutionary BiologyBiology & Evolution
Evolution / Making Mistakes
Biological mutation can generate variation on which selection acts, but evolution also draws on existing variation and other processes
Evolutionary BiologyBiology & Evolution
Evolution by Natural Selection
Natural selection occurs when heritable variation is associated with differences in reproductive success under particular conditions
Evolutionary BiologyBiology & Evolution
Exaptation
Exaptation describes a feature useful in its present role that was not originally shaped by selection for that role
Evolutionary BiologyBiology & Evolution
Extinction
Extinction is the loss of all living members of a taxon
Evolutionary BiologyBiology & Evolution
Heredity
Genetic heredity concerns transmission of DNA variants from parents to offspring
Evolutionary BiologyBiology & Evolution
Hierarchical Organization
Hierarchical organization arranges components into nested levels
Evolutionary BiologyBiology & Evolution
Niches
An ecological niche describes relevant environmental conditions, resources, and interactions associated with a species' persistence
Evolutionary BiologyBiology & Evolution
Reciprocal Altruism
Reciprocal altruism is an evolutionary explanation for some helping behavior in which costs can be offset by benefits associated with later interactions
Evolutionary BiologyBiology & Evolution
Replication
Replication produces another instance of a pattern through a specified mechanism
Evolutionary BiologyBiology & Evolution
Self-Preservation
Self-preservation names the protection of continued existence, safety, or essential resources
Evolutionary BiologyBiology & Evolution
Signaling
Signaling concerns how observable actions or attributes convey information about less observable qualities
Evolutionary BiologyBiology & Evolution
Simple Physiological Reward-Seeking
Reward-related learning and motivation can make immediate consequences strongly influence behavior
Evolutionary BiologyBiology & Evolution
Adaptation Rate and the Red Queen Effect
The Red Queen hypothesis emphasizes how interactions with evolving organisms can continually change selection pressures
Evolutionary BiologyBusiness & Product Strategy
AARRR
Dave McClure's AARRR framework organizes customer measures around Acquisition, Activation, Retention, Revenue, and Referral
Product & GrowthBusiness & Product Strategy
Automation
Automation assigns specified tasks to a system that executes them with reduced direct human intervention
Product & GrowthBusiness & Product Strategy
Bullseye Framework
Gabriel Weinberg and Justin Mares's Bullseye framework supports finding promising traction channels by considering a broad repertoire, testing a small shortlist, and concentrating on what shows useful results
Product & GrowthBusiness & Product Strategy
Capital Allocation Options
Businesses can compare uses of available capital such as reinvestment, acquisitions, debt repayment, share repurchases, distributions, and retaining cash
Product & GrowthBusiness & Product Strategy
Cargo cult
In contemporary methodological use, cargo cult refers to copying visible features of a practice while omitting something necessary for it to work
Product & GrowthBusiness & Product Strategy
Churn
Churn measures departures from a defined customer or subscriber population during a stated period
Product & GrowthBusiness & Product Strategy
Confidence determines Speed vs. Quality
A product-development heuristic that relates investment in speed and quality to evidence about both the importance of a problem and the suitability of a solution
Product & GrowthBusiness & Product Strategy
Conjoined Triangles of Success
A fictional management diagram in HBO’s Silicon Valley, used as satire of authoritative business frameworks
Product & GrowthBusiness & Product Strategy
Core Competency
An organizational capability that can contribute substantial customer value across more than one product or market and is difficult for competitors to reproduce
Product & GrowthBusiness & Product Strategy
Core Human Drives (Acquire, Bond, Learn, Defend, Feel)
A set of prompts for considering human motivation: acquire, bond, learn, defend, and feel
Product & GrowthBusiness & Product Strategy
Critically Important Assumptions
Assumptions whose failure would materially change a plan or make it unworkable
Product & GrowthBusiness & Product Strategy
Crossing the Chasm
Geoffrey Moore’s framework for the market-development challenge of moving a technology offering from enthusiastic early adopters to customers who expect a dependable solution for a specific use case
Product & GrowthBusiness & Product Strategy
Diffusion of Innovations
Everett Rogers’s account of how innovations are communicated, adopted, adapted, or rejected within a social system over time
Product & GrowthBusiness & Product Strategy
Disruptive Innovation
A theory of a particular competitive process in which an entrant begins with overlooked, overserved, or previously unserved users and may improve toward more demanding markets
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