W · When

Explore when moves.

Choose a branch or move

• Shift the lag

  Shorten or lengthen the delay between action and consequence relative to how fast the system moves.

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• Retune the cadence

  Change how frequently action or feedback happens.

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• Resequence the steps

  Reorder the process so learning, protection, or reversible action comes earlier.

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• Batch or stream

  Group work into batches or process it continuously to balance switching cost against waiting cost.

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