Business & Product Strategy
Time Horizon
A time horizon is the future period included when comparing choices and consequences
Product & GrowthThe encyclopedia
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Business & Product Strategy
Time Value Of Shipping
A product-management heuristic: delivering a useful result earlier can create additional time for benefit and feedback
Product & GrowthBusiness & Product Strategy
Valley of Death (Innovation Funding Gap)
An innovation funding gap can arise while an invention is being developed into a commercially credible offering
Product & GrowthBusiness & Product Strategy
Version two is a lie
A product-planning maxim: make the current release useful for its stated purpose without depending on future improvements that may not arrive
Product & GrowthBusiness & Product Strategy
Working Backward
Working Backward is Amazon's approach to developing an idea from a specified customer experience
Product & GrowthCommunication & Persuasion
Active Listening
Active Listening is a way of attending to another person's meaning and checking that you have understood it
Influence & ArgumentationCommunication & Persuasion
Ad Hominem
An ad hominem fallacy uses an irrelevant criticism of a person to dismiss their claim
Influence & ArgumentationCommunication & Persuasion
Anecdotal
Anecdotal reasoning becomes unreliable when an individual story is used to establish a general frequency, causal effect, or expected result without adequate support
Influence & ArgumentationCommunication & Persuasion
Appeal to Emotion
An appeal to emotion uses feelings such as fear, pity, pride, or hope to support a conclusion or motivate action
Influence & ArgumentationCommunication & Persuasion
Argument from Ignorance
An argument from ignorance treats a lack of support for one position as sufficient proof of another without establishing that the missing evidence should have been found
Influence & ArgumentationCommunication & Persuasion
Authority Principle
The authority principle describes how perceived expertise or status can increase a person's influence
Influence & ArgumentationCommunication & Persuasion
Bandwagon
The bandwagon effect is the influence of other people's adoption on one's own beliefs or choices
Influence & ArgumentationCommunication & Persuasion
Black or White
The logical fallacy of presenting only two options when more exist—forcing a binary choice on a multi-option reality
Influence & ArgumentationCommunication & Persuasion
Burden of Proof
Burden of proof concerns who is responsible for supporting a disputed claim and how strong that support needs to be in a particular setting
Influence & ArgumentationCommunication & Persuasion
Cialdini’s Six Principles of Influence
Cialdini's original six-part framework describes reciprocity, commitment and consistency, social proof, authority, liking, and scarcity as recurring influences on responses to requests
Influence & ArgumentationCommunication & Persuasion
Commitment and Consistency Principle
Commitment and consistency describes a tendency to respond in ways aligned with earlier statements or actions
Influence & ArgumentationCommunication & Persuasion
Dark Patterns
Dark patterns, also called deceptive patterns, are interface techniques that manipulate, deceive, or obstruct people into choices contrary to their informed intentions
Influence & ArgumentationCommunication & Persuasion
False Cause
False-cause reasoning infers a causal relationship from association or sequence without adequate support for the causal step
Influence & ArgumentationCommunication & Persuasion
Likely
'Likely' expresses probability with a meaning dependent on context or a stated convention
Influence & ArgumentationCommunication & Persuasion
Liking Principle
The liking principle describes a tendency to respond more favorably to people one likes
Influence & ArgumentationCommunication & Persuasion
Plausible
Plausibility means that a claim or explanation appears reasonable given current understanding
Influence & ArgumentationCommunication & Persuasion
Reciprocity Principle
Reciprocity is a tendency to respond to help, gifts, or concessions with something in return
Influence & ArgumentationCommunication & Persuasion
Scarcity Principle
The scarcity principle describes how limited availability can influence perceived value and urgency
Influence & ArgumentationCommunication & Persuasion
Slippery Slope
A slippery-slope argument claims that an initial step increases the risk of a later progression or outcome
Influence & ArgumentationCommunication & Persuasion
Steel Man Argument (Opposite of Straw Man)
Steel manning reconstructs a strong reasonable version of an argument so its best challenge can be examined
Influence & ArgumentationCommunication & Persuasion
Straw Man
Misrepresenting someone's argument as a weaker version in order to attack the weakened version instead of the actual position
Influence & ArgumentationCommunication & Persuasion
Unity Principle
Unity is Cialdini's later-added influence principle concerning perceived shared identity
Influence & ArgumentationCommunication & Persuasion
Euphemism Treadmill
The euphemism treadmill describes a pattern in which replacement terms acquire negative associations connected to what they name
Linguistics & RhetoricCommunication & Persuasion
Kafka Trap (Denial as Evidence of Guilt)
A Kafka trap is an informal name for an accusation structured so that denying it is treated as further confirmation, leaving no apparent response that could count against it
Linguistics & RhetoricCommunication & Persuasion
Medium Is the Message (McLuhan)
McLuhan's phrase directs attention to how a medium changes the scale, pace, and patterns of human activity, beyond the particular content it carries
Linguistics & RhetoricCommunication & Persuasion
Motte-and-Bailey Fallacy
A motte-and-bailey pattern alternates between a stronger consequential claim and a more defensible narrower claim, treating defense of the latter as if it supported the former
Linguistics & RhetoricCommunication & Persuasion
Overton Window Shifting
Overton Window Shifting refers to changes in the range of policy ideas regarded as politically acceptable
Linguistics & RhetoricCommunication & Persuasion
Pragmatic Communication (Grice's Maxims)
Grice's cooperative principle and maxims of quantity, quality, relation, and manner describe expectations that help people interpret conversation
Linguistics & RhetoricCommunication & Persuasion
Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis (Language Shapes Thought)
Linguistic relativity concerns ways language may influence aspects of thinking, attention, memory, or task performance
Linguistics & RhetoricCommunication & Persuasion
Steel Manning vs Straw Manning
Straw manning makes an opposing argument easier to attack by distorting it
Linguistics & RhetoricConflict & Repair
Drama Triangle (Karpman): Persecutor, Victim, Rescuer
Karpman's Drama Triangle describes shifts among Persecutor, Victim, and Rescuer positions within recurring conflict patterns
Conflict FrameworksConflict & Repair
Nonviolent Communication (Rosenberg): Observation, Feeling, Need, Request
Marshall Rosenberg's communication framework designed to express needs and resolve conflicts without blame, criticism, or coercion
Conflict FrameworksCreativity & Artistic Expression
Craft Before Art (The 10,000-Hour Foundation)
Technical skill can help turn creative intentions into effective work
The Creative LifeCreativity & Artistic Expression
The Inner Critic vs. The Creative Self (Cameron/Pressfield)
Julia Cameron and Steven Pressfield describe creative self-doubt and avoidance using the Inner Critic and Resistance
The Creative LifeCreativity & Innovation
Aesthetic Distance
Aesthetic distance describes how a person relates to a work or experience while attending to it aesthetically
Creative ProcessCreativity & Innovation
Bisociation (Arthur Koestler - Combining Unrelated Frames)
Koestler's bisociation describes bringing normally separate frames of reference into relation so that a situation or idea is understood through both
Creative ProcessCreativity & Innovation
Coda
A coda is a closing section in a musical work; related uses in narrative and experience design are analogies
Creative ProcessCreativity & Innovation
Constraints Breed Creativity
Some constraints can support creativity by narrowing a search, discouraging habitual answers, or prompting unusual combinations
Creative ProcessCreativity & Innovation
Crowdsourcing
Crowdsourcing obtains contributions through an open call beyond a designated individual or team
Creative ProcessCreativity & Innovation
Divergent Thinking vs Convergent Thinking
Divergent thinking explores possibilities; convergent thinking narrows, evaluates, and develops them
Creative ProcessCreativity & Innovation
Genre (Creative Expression Norms)
Genres are recognizable, evolving ways of creating and interpreting communication in recurring situations
Creative ProcessCreativity & Innovation
Janusian Thinking (Paradoxical Thinking)
Janusian thinking is Rothenberg's term for actively conceiving opposing ideas together during creative thought
Creative ProcessCreativity & Innovation
Lateral Thinking
De Bono's lateral thinking approach uses deliberate changes of perspective, assumptions, and associations to generate alternatives
Creative ProcessPage 3 of 50 · 97–144 of 2,375 models